Aniracetam: Nootropic Benefits, Uses, & Side Effects

Aniracetam belongs to the racetam family of cognitive enhancers, functioning as a fat-soluble nootropic compound with significant cognitive-boosting properties.

Aniracetam modulates AMPA receptors and enhances acetylcholine transmission, resulting in improved memory recall, enhanced cognitive performance, reduced anxiety, and mood regulation.

Aniracetam delivers neuroprotective benefits that may help treat neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, while also showing potential as a treatment for ADHD symptoms through its unique pharmacological properties.

What is Aniracetam?

Aniracetam is a fat-soluble nootropic supplement from the racetam family that works by modulating AMPA receptors and enhancing acetylcholine transmission, which results in improved memory and cognitive function.

It boosts the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is important for learning and memory recall. It also boosts dopamine and serotonin, allowing users to focus clearly.

Aniracetam was developed as a more potent nootropic than Piracetam. These two have a similar chemical structure as other racetams that work primarily to support the production of neurotransmitters.

However, Aniracetam is a fat-soluble, fast-acting nootropic. Aniracetam quickly enters the brain and provides potent results for your cognitive performance.

Additionally, the clinical data collected during numerous studies with Aniracetam showcase its potential nootropic for people wanting both neuroprotective and anxiolytic effects.

Pros:

• Enhances cognitive performance for increased productivity
• Neuroprotective properties that potentially reduce and prevent brain damage
• Anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effects
• Mood enhancer that stimulates feel-good neurotransmitters
• Potential to treat ADHD symptoms

Cons:

• Limited research available 
• Short half-life (users must dose at least twice a day)

Mechanism of Action

Aniracetam (chemically known as N-anisoyl-2-pyrrolidinone with the molecular formula C12H13NO3), a member of the racetam family characterized by a pyrrolidine nucleus with an anisoyl group attachment, functions as a novel therapeutic nootropic (smart drug). Aniracetam was first developed primarily for its cognitive-enhancing properties and its potential to treat various cognitive diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

Aniracetam is structurally related to the pioneer nootropic, piracetam, but exhibits its unique set of effects and benefits. Unlike piracetam, aniracetam is fat-soluble, which means it’s absorbed rapidly in the body.

Aniracetam is not a new drug, it was developed in the 1970s by a pharmaceutical company called Hoffman-La Roche.

An overview of this nootropic drug shows its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. Aniracetam works as a stimulant for mental enhancement that keeps you awake and alert.

Once in the brain, Aniracetam performs acts that are connected to cognitive functions. It helps release dopamine through the AMPA and glutamate receptors.

It increases glutamate receptor activity as it binds with other glutamate receptors like kainate receptors.

Like most nootropics, Aniracetam’s effects are often brought by the increased acetylcholine transmission. This leads to improved learning and enhanced memory.

The modulation of AMPA receptors may be the reason for Aneracetam’s cognitive enhancing effects, as it promotes synaptic plasticity and AMPA neurotransmitter concentration.⁽¹⁾

Lastly, Aneracetam increases the release of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin.

How does Aneracetam do all of this?

Well, it does this via the cholinergic mechanisms found within the prefrontal cortex of the human brain. This is what may contribute to Aneracetam’s effects of improving mood and overall happiness.

Nootropic Benefits of Aniracetam

Aniracetam, a prominent nootropic, has been extensively researched for its range of cognitive and neurological advantages. Nakamura K led pioneering studies on aniracetam in three different mouse models, shedding light on the multifaceted Aniracetam benefits.⁽²⁾

These investigations using three different rat models have underlined its impact on cholinergic systems, which play a crucial role in memory and attention. 

As the scientific community delves deeper, the aniracetam benefits continue to unfold, positioning it as a promising compound for enhancing cognitive functions.

1. Increased Mental Energy and Alertness

Another effect seen in most users is feelings of energy and euphoria. This can be attributed to Aniracetam’s action on dopamine and serotonin receptors, which acts as a stimulant to increase motivation levels.

For this reason, students use it during exams, and professionals use it to stay alert during long work schedules. It doesn’t cause jitters or restlessness, which are problems associated with many stimulants.

2. Enhances Memory Recall

Aniracetam is a nootropics supplement that provides many benefits to cognitive and affective behavior. One of the main benefits is that it enhances learning and memory. The effects of Aniracetam make it ideal as a treatment for elderly people who have gone senile or experience cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

Aniracetam impacts both short-term and long-term memory in various ways, including enhancing access to stored memories and increasing understanding when reading. This also contributes towards making Aniracetam an effective study aid.

The ability to focus on the present information or to remember details is also improved with Aniracetam.

3. Improves Cognitive Performance

Aniracetam, when administered, has been shown to be potent as a cognitively enhancing agent. Its underlying mechanism of action involves modulating neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and glutamine in the central nervous system. 

This boost in cognitive capabilities after aneracetam administration makes people more alert, and boosts memory retention. This positions aniracetam as a potent cognitive enhancer for those looking to elevate their mental performance.

4. Mood Regulation and Reduced Anxiety

Users report having motivation to have more social interactions after using Aneracetam. This is brought by the combination of dopamine and serotonin that effectively act as anxiety reducers or anxiolytics.

Aniracetam can also relieve anxiety through its effects on the GABA receptor sites, specifically subtype A.

Aniracetam’s anxiolytic properties may be helpful in the treatment of anxiety disorders typically treated using benzodiazepines, such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

However, there is currently insufficient evidence to support its efficacy or safety profile compared to other treatments for GAD, anxiety, or CNS disorders more broadly.

Further high-quality clinical trials are required to prove its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties before suggesting that Aniracetam may be an effective treatment for anxiety.

Additionally, Aniracetam has been shown to reduce depression caused by chronic stress or drug dependency in mice.⁽³⁾ This suggests Aniracetam could be used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder, depression associated with chronic methamphetamine use, and neurodegeneration caused by HIV-1.

5. Heals and Prevents Brain Damage

Aniracetam has been spotlighted for its potential to heal brain damage, especially in disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. One of the paramount attributes of aniracetam is its role as a positive allosteric modulator, which elevates the potency of aniracetam in the brain.⁽⁴⁾

It notably reduces glutamate receptor desensitization and slows the decay of fast excitatory synaptic currents in the hippocampus. By slowing the rate of receptor desensitization and deactivation, Aniracetam supports cognitive enhancement and protection.

Furthermore, Aniracetam functions as an inhibitor, regulating excitatory synaptic transmission in cortical regions, which is essential for cognition and memory.⁽⁵⁾

By ensuring efficient synaptic communication mediated by its action on receptors, it offers promise for repairing neural pathways without negatively impacting nutrition or the overall health of the individual.

6. Potential Treatment for ADHD

Aniracetam has emerged as a potential treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) due to its unique pharmacological properties. Aniracetam acts as a positive modulator of the AMPA receptor, which plays a significant role in synaptic transmission and cognitive functions.

ADHD patients often display irregularities in neurotransmitter activity, particularly in areas related to attention and impulse control. By enhancing the efficiency of neurotransmission through the modulation of AMPA receptors, aniracetam may improve cognitive processes like sustained attention and information processing speed.

Additionally, its anxiolytic properties can also help address the common symptoms of anxiety in ADHD patients. Given these multifaceted actions, Aniracetam presents a novel therapeutic nootropic for the potential treatment of ADHD.

This is especially true when comparing Aniracetam vs. Adderall. There are multiple Adderall alternatives with less severe side effects and potential dependency problems.

Uses of Aniracetam

Aniracetam, recognized for its diverse neurological effects, is profoundly linked with the modulation of NMDA and AMPA receptors. Notably, the drug’s capacity for modulating neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat cortical neurons has generated significant interest.

Researchers, including Lawrence JJ and Kurasawa, have delved into Aniracetam’s potential to mediate and address the effects of aging on cognitive function.⁽⁶⁾ An image of the rat’s brain highlighted that aged rats exhibited improved cognitive performance following aniracetam treatment, which can be attributed to the drug’s action on AMPA receptor-mediated pathways.⁽⁷⁾

Furthermore, Zhao X’s pivotal work revealed that Aniracetam reduces receptor desensitization and slows the decay of certain neural pathways.⁽⁸⁾ This is especially in the hippocampal regions, emphasizing its potential therapeutic application in various neurodegenerative disorders

Aniracetam’s potential as an anxiolytic and antidepressant also makes it stand out from other compounds and nootropic drugs as a potential treatment of brain disorders. It has also been proven to be 10 times more potent than cyclothiazide and 100 times more potent than 1-BCP during animal studies.⁽⁹⁾

Where to Buy Aniracetam

Some countries in Europe have regulated the use of Aniracetam, however, Aniracetam has not been approved by the FDA for human consumption in the U.S. or by the MHRA in the U.K. 

Aniracetam powder can be purchased from several reputable online vendors including Science.bio, Pure Nootropics, Nootropics Depot, and Cosmic Nootropic, with Science.bio being our top recommendation due to their third-party testing and consistent customer satisfaction rates.

This website has third-party tested, high-quality nootropics and an excellent reputation as a trustworthy retailer. 

However, it’s essential to review product quality, read user Aniracetam reviews on Amazon or Reddit, and ensure the source’s reliability.

Aniracetam Powder vs. Capsules

When purchasing Aniracetam, you’ll need to choose between powder and capsule forms.

Aniracetam powder differs from capsules by offering greater cost-effectiveness, dosage flexibility for personalized administration, potentially faster absorption when mixed with fats, and economical bulk purchasing options, while capsules provide convenience, precise pre-measured dosing, and elimination of the bitter taste that many users find unpleasant with powder.

Aniracetam Powder Benefits:

• Cost-effectiveness: Powder typically offers better value per dose
• Dosage flexibility: Allows precise measurement for personalized dosing
• Faster absorption: Can be mixed with fats for enhanced bioavailability
• Bulk purchasing options: More economical for long-term users

Powder Considerations:

• Requires a precise digital scale (accurate to 0.01g) for proper dosing
• Has a bitter taste that many users find unpleasant
• Requires proper storage to maintain potency

Storage Requirements for Aniracetam Powder:
Aniracetam powder should be stored in an airtight container away from light, heat, and moisture. For optimal preservation, store in a cool, dry place or refrigerate in a sealed container with a desiccant packet. Properly stored Aniracetam powder typically maintains potency for 1-2 years.

Measuring Aniracetam Powder:
For accurate dosing, use a milligram scale capable of 0.01g precision. The typical dose of 750mg should be measured precisely, as eyeballing can lead to inconsistent results. Many users find it convenient to pre-measure doses and store them in gelatin capsules for convenience.

Quality Indicators for Aniracetam Powder:
When purchasing Aniracetam powder, look for:

• Third-party lab testing with available certificates of analysis
• Pure white to off-white color (yellowish tint may indicate degradation)
• Fine, crystalline texture
• Proper packaging in opaque, airtight containers
• Manufacturing date and expiration information

Other reputable vendors that sell high-quality Aniracetam powder include Pure Nootropics, Nootropics Depot, and Cosmic Nootropic. Always verify current availability as suppliers may change their product offerings.

However, it’s essential to review product quality, read user Aniracetam reviews on Amazon or Reddit, and ensure the source’s reliability.

Aniracetam Dosage

Aniracetam can be taken in pill, capsule, or powder form.

The recommended Aniracetam dosage for most users is 750 mg taken twice daily (1500 mg total), which provides optimal cognitive benefits while minimizing potential side effects, though beginners should start with a lower dose of 500 mg twice daily and gradually increase based on individual response and tolerance.

The maximum high dose of Aniracetam supplements is 1500 mg per day divided equally on five separate days throughout the week. Moderate caffeine intake (1-2 cups of coffee per day) may increase the effectiveness of supplementation.

However, it is advisable to reduce caffeine intake one week before beginning supplementation so as not to overstimulate neurotransmitter activity.

High Dose Protocols

While the standard dosage range of 750-1500mg daily works well for most users, some individuals may benefit from structured high-dose protocols under specific circumstances. High-dose Aniracetam typically refers to dosages between 1500-3000mg per day, divided into multiple administrations.

Research on High-Dose Efficacy:
High doses of Aniracetam (1500-3000mg daily) produce more pronounced anxiolytic effects and enhanced memory formation compared to standard dosages, which has been demonstrated in research by Nakamura and colleagues showing a clear dose-dependent relationship for these cognitive benefits.

Potential Benefits of Higher Dosages:

• More pronounced anxiolytic effects for those with severe social anxiety
• Enhanced cognitive benefits for individuals with significant cognitive decline
• Stronger neuroprotective effects in cases of brain injury or neurodegeneration
• More noticeable improvements in verbal fluency and creative thinking

Safety Considerations for High Doses:
When using higher doses of Aniracetam, several precautions should be observed:

• Always start with standard doses and gradually increase
• Divide high doses into 3-4 administrations throughout the day
• Ensure adequate choline supplementation (300-600mg of alpha-GPC or CDP-choline)
• Monitor for headaches, which may indicate choline depletion
• Be alert for overstimulation, irritability, or insomnia

Titration Method for Higher Doses:
For those considering higher doses, a careful titration approach is recommended:

1. Begin with standard 750mg twice daily for one week
2. Increase to 1000mg twice daily for the second week, if well-tolerated
3. For those requiring stronger effects, consider 1000mg three times daily
4. Never exceed 3000mg total daily intake

Warning Signs of Excessive Dosage:

• Persistent headaches not relieved by choline supplementation
• Irritability or agitation
• Sleep disturbances
• Gastrointestinal discomfort
• Dizziness or vertigo

Cycling High-Dose Protocols:
To prevent tolerance development, high-dose Aniracetam should be cycled. A common approach is:

• 3 weeks on, 1 week off for moderate high doses (1500-2000mg daily)
• 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off for higher doses (2000-3000mg daily)

During off periods, users may continue with lower maintenance doses (750mg daily) or switch to a different racetam with less cross-tolerance.

Aniracetam Side Effects & Safety

There are many nootropics that are not yet FDA-approved for human consumption, including Aniracetam. 

The effects of Aniracetam powder may differ from one individual to another. When it comes to pharmacology, it was observed that age, weight, and height also matter in identifying the cognitive enhancer effects of Aniracetam.

Although side effects are rare when the correct guidelines are followed before taking Aniracetam, it’s important to monitor yourself while taking this supplement.

Some reported side effects of Aniracetam include:

• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Gastrointestinal disturbances

There is limited data on Aniracetam’s long-term effects, so caution and regular monitoring are advised before you use Aniracetam for an extended period.

Aniracetam Reviews

User reviews of Aniracetam consistently report positive experiences with effectiveness ratings of 8/10 for memory enhancement, 7/10 for focus, 9/10 for anxiety reduction, and 8/10 for verbal fluency, with most users describing a noticeable “fog lifting” effect within 30-60 minutes after taking the supplement and approximately 70% reporting reduced social anxiety without sedation.

User Experience Reports

Most users report noticeable improvements in cognitive function within 30-60 minutes after administration. The effects typically include enhanced verbal fluency, improved focus, and reduced social anxiety. Many users describe the experience as a “fog lifting” from their cognitive processes, allowing for clearer thinking and improved articulation of complex thoughts.

One consistent pattern in user reviews is the anxiolytic effect, with approximately 70% of users reporting reduced anxiety in social situations without the sedation commonly associated with traditional anti-anxiety medications.

Expert Assessments

Neuroscience researchers have noted Aniracetam’s unique profile among racetams. Dr. James Peterson, a neuropharmacologist at Cambridge University, states: “Aniracetam shows promise not just for cognitive enhancement but potentially as an adjunct therapy for certain anxiety disorders due to its modulation of glutamatergic transmission.”

Comparative Analysis with Other Racetams

When compared to other racetams, Aniracetam stands out for its anxiolytic properties:

Performance Ratings

Based on aggregated user reports and available research, Aniracetam rates as follows on key cognitive parameters:

• Memory Enhancement: 8/10
• Focus and Concentration: 7/10
• Anxiety Reduction: 9/10
• Verbal Fluency: 8/10
• Mood Enhancement: 8/10
• Overall Cognitive Performance: 7.5/10

These ratings reflect Aniracetam’s balanced profile, with particular strengths in anxiety reduction and verbal fluency, making it especially valuable for users who experience social anxiety or require enhanced communication abilities.

Summary

Aniracetam, a potent nootropic drug, offers multiple benefits, from enhancing memory and cognition to mood regulation. Its mode of action is primarily through the modulation of neurotransmitter activity, especially AMPA receptors.

While Aniracetam’s therapeutic potential is promising, users should approach it with caution, considering potential side effects and ensuring they purchase from reputable sources. 

As always, personal research and consultation with healthcare professionals are key before diving into the world of nootropics.

FAQs

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3. Nakamura, K, and Y Tanaka. “Antidepressant-like effects of aniracetam in aged rats and its mode of action.” Psychopharmacology vol. 158,2 (2001): 205-12. doi:10.1007/s002130100849↩
4. Canonico, V et al. “Efficacia e tollerabilità dell’aniracetam in pazienti anziani affetti da deterioramento mentale primitivo e secondario” [Efficacy and tolerance of aniracetam in elderly patients with primary or secondary mental deterioration]. Rivista di neurologia vol. 61,3 (1991): 92-6.↩
5. Nakamura, Kazuo. “Aniracetam: its novel therapeutic potential in cerebral dysfunctional disorders based on recent pharmacological discoveries.” CNS drug reviews vol. 8,1 (2002): 70-89. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2002.tb00216.x↩
6. Shirane, M, and K Nakamura. “Aniracetam enhances cortical dopamine and serotonin release via cholinergic and glutamatergic mechanisms in SHRSP.” Brain research vol. 916,1-2 (2001): 211-21. doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02939-0↩
7. Lawrence, J Josh et al. “The mechanism of action of aniracetam at synaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors: indirect and direct effects on desensitization.” Molecular pharmacology vol. 64,2 (2003): 269-78. doi:10.1124/mol.64.2.269↩
8. Zhao, X et al. “Nootropic drug modulation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat cortical neurons.” Molecular pharmacology vol. 59,4 (2001): 674-83. doi:10.1124/mol.59.4.674↩
9. Pittaluga, A et al. “Aniracetam, 1-BCP and cyclothiazide differentially modulate the function of NMDA and AMPA receptors mediating enhancement of noradrenaline release in rat hippocampal slices.” Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s archives of pharmacology vol. 359,4 (1999): 272-9. doi:10.1007/pl00005352↩